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OpenWrt 是一个专门面向嵌入式设备的 Linux 发行版。你可以将 OpenWrt 支持的型号的嵌入式设备,比如各种路由器上的系统,换成一个有更多可能性可以折腾的 Linux 系统。
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在 Openwrt 系统中部署 Tailscale,没有 luci 的情况下,防火墙的正确配置方法?

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  •   HOMO114514 · 357 天前 · 1141 次点击
    这是一个创建于 357 天前的主题,其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。

    特殊情况说明:这个 Openwrt 操作系统实际上是一个服务器,或者 NAS ,并没有 LAN ,也没有路由功能

    我在系统里部署了 Tailscale ,然后发现同样的 LAN 环境里,我的 PC 电脑能够很高成功率地建立 P2P 连接,但是面向纯 IPV4 的时候 NAS 的打洞失败概率很大,可以说基本上打不通,被迫走直连。所以肯定是防火墙或者什么地方出了问题。

    在 V2EX 上搜了一下有人有类似的问题,不过他的路由器是标准 OpenWrt ,照着教程过就行了。我这个垃圾 NAS 碰巧用的是 Openwrt 系统,没有 luci ,只能靠 uci 手动编辑防火墙规则,但是尝试了一下发现好像穿透能力并没有什么改善,怀疑是防火墙规则没写对

    OpenWrt 官方的教程:

    Create a new unmanaged interface via LuCI: NetworkInterfacesAdd new interface

    • Name: tailscale
    • Protocol: Unmanaged
    • Device: tailscale0

    Create a new firewall zone via LuCI: NetworkFirewallZonesAdd

    • Name: tailscale
    • Input: ACCEPT (default)
    • Output: ACCEPT (default)
    • Forward: ACCEPT
    • Masquerading: on
    • MSS Clamping: on
    • Covered networks: tailscale
    • Allow forward to destination zones: Select your LAN (and/or other internal zones or WAN if you plan on using this device as an exit node)
    • Allow forward from source zones: Select your LAN (and/or other internal zones or leave it blank if you do not want to route LAN traffic to other tailscale hosts)

    Click Save & Apply

    本机的相关环境,原厂 network:

    network.loopback=interface
    network.loopback.device='lo'
    network.loopback.proto='static'
    network.loopback.ipaddr='127.0.0.1'
    network.loopback.netmask='255.0.0.0'
    network.globals=globals
    network.globals.ula_prefix='fdb3:5d24:4bbe::/48'
    network.wan1=interface
    network.wan1.ifname='eth0'
    network.wan1.proto='dhcp'
    network.wan2=interface
    network.wan2.ifname='eth1'
    network.wan2.proto='dhcp'
    network.wan26=interface
    network.wan26.proto='dhcpv6'
    network.wan26.device='@wan2'
    network.wan26.disabled='1'
    network.wan16=interface
    network.wan16.proto='dhcpv6'
    network.wan16.device='@wan1'
    network.wan16.disabled='0'
    

    原厂 zone 和 forwarding:

    firewall.@defaults[0]=defaults
    firewall.@defaults[0].syn_flood='1'
    firewall.@defaults[0].input='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@defaults[0].output='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@defaults[0].forward='REJECT'
    firewall.@zone[0]=zone
    firewall.@zone[0].name='lan'
    firewall.@zone[0].network='lan'
    firewall.@zone[0].input='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@zone[0].output='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@zone[0].forward='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@zone[1]=zone
    firewall.@zone[1].name='wan'
    firewall.@zone[1].network='wan' 'wan6'
    firewall.@zone[1].input='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@zone[1].output='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@zone[1].forward='REJECT'
    firewall.@zone[1].masq='1'
    firewall.@zone[1].mtu_fix='1'
    firewall.@forwarding[0]=forwarding
    firewall.@forwarding[0].src='lan'
    firewall.@forwarding[0].dest='wan'
    

    原厂 rules:

    firewall.@rule[0]=rule
    firewall.@rule[0].name='Allow-DHCP-Renew'
    firewall.@rule[0].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[0].proto='udp'
    firewall.@rule[0].dest_port='68'
    firewall.@rule[0].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[0].family='ipv4'
    firewall.@rule[1]=rule
    firewall.@rule[1].name='Allow-Ping'
    firewall.@rule[1].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[1].proto='icmp'
    firewall.@rule[1].icmp_type='echo-request'
    firewall.@rule[1].family='ipv4'
    firewall.@rule[1].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[2]=rule
    firewall.@rule[2].name='Allow-IGMP'
    firewall.@rule[2].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[2].proto='igmp'
    firewall.@rule[2].family='ipv4'
    firewall.@rule[2].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[3]=rule
    firewall.@rule[3].name='Allow-DHCPv6'
    firewall.@rule[3].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[3].proto='udp'
    firewall.@rule[3].dest_port='546'
    firewall.@rule[3].family='ipv6'
    firewall.@rule[3].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[4]=rule
    firewall.@rule[4].name='Allow-MLD'
    firewall.@rule[4].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[4].proto='icmp'
    firewall.@rule[4].src_ip='fe80::/10'
    firewall.@rule[4].icmp_type='130/0' '131/0' '132/0' '143/0'
    firewall.@rule[4].family='ipv6'
    firewall.@rule[4].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[5]=rule
    firewall.@rule[5].name='Allow-ICMPv6-Input'
    firewall.@rule[5].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[5].proto='icmp'
    firewall.@rule[5].icmp_type='echo-request' 'echo-reply' 'destination-unreachable' 'packet-too-big' 'time-exceeded' 'bad-header' 'unknown-header-type' 'router-solicitation' 'neighbour-solicitation' 'router-advertisement' 'neighbour-advertisement'
    firewall.@rule[5].limit='1000/sec'
    firewall.@rule[5].family='ipv6'
    firewall.@rule[5].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[6]=rule
    firewall.@rule[6].name='Allow-ICMPv6-Forward'
    firewall.@rule[6].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[6].dest='*'
    firewall.@rule[6].proto='icmp'
    firewall.@rule[6].icmp_type='echo-request' 'echo-reply' 'destination-unreachable' 'packet-too-big' 'time-exceeded' 'bad-header' 'unknown-header-type'
    firewall.@rule[6].limit='1000/sec'
    firewall.@rule[6].family='ipv6'
    firewall.@rule[6].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[7]=rule
    firewall.@rule[7].name='Allow-IPSec-ESP'
    firewall.@rule[7].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[7].dest='lan'
    firewall.@rule[7].proto='esp'
    firewall.@rule[7].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[8]=rule
    firewall.@rule[8].name='Allow-ISAKMP'
    firewall.@rule[8].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[8].dest='lan'
    firewall.@rule[8].dest_port='500'
    firewall.@rule[8].proto='udp'
    firewall.@rule[8].target='ACCEPT'
    firewall.@rule[9]=rule
    firewall.@rule[9].name='Support-UDP-Traceroute'
    firewall.@rule[9].src='wan'
    firewall.@rule[9].dest_port='33434:33689'
    firewall.@rule[9].proto='udp'
    firewall.@rule[9].family='ipv4'
    firewall.@rule[9].target='REJECT'
    firewall.@rule[9].enabled='false'
    

    /config/network的配置信息:

    config interface 'loopback'
            option device 'lo'
            option proto 'static'
            option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'
            option netmask '255.0.0.0'
    
    config globals 'globals'
            option ula_prefix 'fdb3:5d24:4bbe::/48'
    
    config interface 'wan1'
            option ifname 'eth0'
            option proto 'dhcp'
    
    config interface 'wan2'
            option ifname 'eth1'
            option proto 'dhcp'
    
    config interface 'wan26'
            option proto 'dhcpv6'
            option device '@wan2'
            option disabled '1'
    
    config interface 'wan16'
            option proto 'dhcpv6'
            option device '@wan1'
            option disabled '0'
    

    ifconfig:

    eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 98:6E:E8:28:CD:13  
              inet addr:192.168.1.20  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
              inet6 addr: 240e:3b5:34e1:edd0::20/128 Scope:Global
              inet6 addr: 240e:3b5:34e1:edd0:9a6e:e8ff:fe28:cd13/64 Scope:Global
              inet6 addr: fe80::9a6e:e8ff:fe28:cd13/64 Scope:Link
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:9108961 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:19775610 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
              RX bytes:1086087055 (1.0 GiB)  TX bytes:24185129426 (22.5 GiB)
              Memory:7fe00000-7fefffff 
    
    eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 98:6E:E8:28:CD:14  
              UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
              RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
              Memory:7fc00000-7fcfffff 
    
    lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
              inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
              inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
              UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
              RX packets:336526 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:336526 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
              RX bytes:35845496 (34.1 MiB)  TX bytes:35845496 (34.1 MiB)
    
    tailscale0 Link encap:UNSPEC  HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  
              inet addr:100.64.32.34  P-t-P:100.64.32.34  Mask:255.255.255.255
              inet6 addr: fe80::5f8b:6f05:140c:eaa7/64 Scope:Link
              inet6 addr: fd7a:115c:a1e0::22/128 Scope:Global
              UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1280  Metric:1
              RX packets:1255346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:1060667 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 
              RX bytes:70650430 (67.3 MiB)  TX bytes:4456946163 (4.1 GiB)
    

    我尝试添加的规则:

    uci add network interface
    uci set network.@interface[-1].name='tailscale'
    uci set network.@interface[-1].proto='unmanaged'
    uci set network.@interface[-1].ifname='tailscale0'
    uci commit network
    
    uci add firewall zone
    uci set firewall.@zone[-1].name='tailscale'
    uci set firewall.@zone[-1].input='ACCEPT'
    uci set firewall.@zone[-1].output='ACCEPT'
    uci set firewall.@zone[-1].forward='ACCEPT'
    uci set firewall.@zone[-1].network='tailscale'
    uci commit firewall
    
    uci add firewall forwarding
    uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='tailscale'
    uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='lan'
    uci commit firewall
    
    uci add firewall forwarding
    uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='tailscale'
    uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='wan'
    uci commit firewall
    
    /etc/init.d/firewall restart
    

    重启防火墙时发现有类似的 warning:

    Warning: Unable to locate ipset utility, disabling ipset support
    Warning: Section @zone[0] (lan) cannot resolve device of network 'lan'
    Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) cannot resolve device of network 'wan'
    Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) cannot resolve device of network 'wan6'
    Warning: Section @zone[2] (tailscale) cannot resolve device of network 'tailscale'
    Warning: Section @zone[0] (lan) has no device, network, subnet or extra options
    Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) has no device, network, subnet or extra options
    Warning: Section @zone[2] (tailscale) has no device, network, subnet or extra options
    

    感觉还是没配置对,有什么头绪吗?

    6 条回复    2023-12-08 18:40:27 +08:00
    sy1989
        1
    sy1989  
       357 天前
    可以装个 luci
    HOMO114514
        2
    HOMO114514  
    OP
       357 天前 via iPhone
    @sy1989 这个定制的 openwrt 编译的时候把通用库 glibc 去掉了,导致通过正常 opkg 渠道安装的 executable 全都无法运行,所以应该没办法靠安装一个 luci 解决问题
    sy1989
        3
    sy1989  
       357 天前
    打洞没研究过。不过你机器的网络接口名字不是 lan wan 和 wan6
    ysc3839
        4
    ysc3839  
       357 天前 via Android
    @chowdpa02k413 OpenWrt 本来就不依赖 glibc ,用的是 musl libc 。无法运行大概是 libc 版本不对,你得找相同版本的环境进行编译。
    HOMO114514
        5
    HOMO114514  
    OP
       357 天前 via iPhone
    @ysc3839 固件闭源私有编译,已经无解了🥲
    ysc3839
        6
    ysc3839  
       357 天前 via Android
    @chowdpa02k413 不需要有固件源代码,只要相关依赖库版本一致一般就没问题的
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