[求助 celery+django] ImportError

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项目用的是 django 1.3，芹菜官方文档给的是 modern django 的例子，折腾好久总是各种问题，这个 gist 里问题是从 web 端发的 task 报错，而从 shell 里发的正常执行

	from __future__ import absolute_import
	from .mycelery import app as celery_app

view raw __init__.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

	from __future__ import absolute_import

	import os
	from celery import Celery

	from django.conf import settings

	# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
	os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'settings')

	app = Celery('myproj', backend='redis://localhost', broker='redis://localhost:6379/0')

	# Using a string here means the worker will not have to
	# pickle the object when using Windows.
	app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings')
	app.autodiscover_tasks(lambda: settings.INSTALLED_APPS)


	@app.task(bind=True)
	def debug_task(self):
	print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))

view raw mycelery.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

	# Django settings for myproj project.

	DEBUG = True
	TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

	ADMINS = (
	# ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
	)

	MANAGERS = ADMINS

	DATABASES = {
	'default': {
	'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
	'NAME': '', # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
	'USER': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
	'PASSWORD': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
	'HOST': '', # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
	'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
	}
	}

	# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
	# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
	# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
	# On Unix systems, a value of None will cause Django to use the same
	# timezone as the operating system.
	# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
	# system time zone.
	TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'

	# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
	# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
	LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

	SITE_ID = 1

	# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
	# to load the internationalization machinery.
	USE_I18N = True

	# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
	# calendars according to the current locale
	USE_L10N = True

	# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
	# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
	MEDIA_ROOT = ''

	# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
	# trailing slash.
	# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
	MEDIA_URL = ''

	# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
	# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
	# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
	# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
	STATIC_ROOT = ''

	# URL prefix for static files.
	# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
	STATIC_URL = '/static/'

	# URL prefix for admin static files -- CSS, JavaScript and images.
	# Make sure to use a trailing slash.
	# Examples: "http://foo.com/static/admin/", "/static/admin/".
	ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/static/admin/'

	# Additional locations of static files
	STATICFILES_DIRS = (
	# Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
	# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
	# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
	)

	# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
	# various locations.
	STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
	'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
	'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
	# 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
	)

	# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
	SECRET_KEY = '@!%8^i4i$9n860u^#7_z#87$+$4j$h_vjn8%0zi42=zcp$(3_2'

	# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
	TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
	'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
	'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
	# 'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
	)

	MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
	'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
	'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
	'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
	'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
	'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
	)

	ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproj.urls'

	TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
	# Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
	# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
	# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
	)

	INSTALLED_APPS = (
	'django.contrib.auth',
	'django.contrib.contenttypes',
	'django.contrib.sessions',
	'django.contrib.sites',
	'django.contrib.messages',
	'django.contrib.staticfiles',
	# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
	# 'django.contrib.admin',
	# Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
	# 'django.contrib.admindocs',
	'app1',
	)

	# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
	# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
	# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error.
	# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
	# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
	LOGGING = {
	'version': 1,
	'disable_existing_loggers': False,
	'handlers': {
	'mail_admins': {
	'level': 'ERROR',
	'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
	}
	},
	'loggers': {
	'django.request': {
	'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
	'level': 'ERROR',
	'propagate': True,
	},
	}
	}

view raw settings.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

	from __future__ import absolute_import

	from celery import shared_task

	@shared_task
	def add(x, y):
	return x + y


	@shared_task
	def mul(x, y):
	return x * y


	@shared_task
	def xsum(numbers):
	return sum(numbers)

view raw tasks.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

	from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url

	# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
	# from django.contrib import admin
	# admin.autodiscover()

	urlpatterns = patterns('',
	# Examples:
	# url(r'^$', 'myproj.views.home', name='home'),
	# url(r'^myproj/', include('myproj.foo.urls')),

	# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
	# url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

	# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
	# url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
	url(r'^index', 'myproj.app1.views.index'),
	)

view raw urls.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

	# Create your views here.
	from django.http import HttpResponse
	from tasks import add

	def index(request):
	add.apply_async(args=[1,2], countdown=30)
	return HttpResponse("Hello,world!")

view raw views.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Stack Overflow 上问了半天没人回答( http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25614718/celery-with-django-1-3-keyerror-myproj-app1-tasks-add )，然后自己各种尝试，发现把 *views.py* 中 `from tasks import add` 改成 `from app1.tasks import add` 就可以了

但是项目中都是用 `from myproj.app1.module import something` 这种风格的 `import`，但是这种方式 celery server 直接启动不了，出现 **ImportError:No module named xxx**

有没有大神帮忙分析一下

import

django

gist

5 条回复 • 2014-09-02 19:39:22 +08:00

cbsw

2014-09-02 13:23:58 +08:00

为什么我用不了 Markdown 呢，还没有对所有人公开么？ @Livid

bcxx

2014-09-02 13:36:54 +08:00

升级一下 django 会更简单吧……

cbsw

2014-09-02 14:10:19 +08:00

@bcxx 这个不是由我说了算的，而且升级过程中也会有大量问题的

wenbinwu

2014-09-02 15:37:04 +08:00

from .tasks import add

cbsw

2014-09-02 19:39:22 +08:00

@wenbinwu @bcxx 问题已解决，看了下 celery 源码，找到 import 部分发现只在当前目录和子目录查找模块，所以老版本的 django project（mycelery.py上层）不在 celery 路径中，直接在 mycelery.py 中加上 `sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.pardir))` 把上层目录即 project 的路径加入即可，还是沿用了项目中的 `from projectname.appname.modulename import something` 的格式不变。

ImportError 多半是路径导致的，碰到这样问题应该先检查一下路径的