recoil(动词/名词):(因冲击、惊吓或反感而)后退、退缩;(枪械等发射时的)后坐力/反冲。也可引申指(事件、言行的)反作用、反噬。
/ˈriːkɔɪl/
The gun recoiled sharply after the shot.
枪开火后猛地一震后坐。
He recoiled from the idea of lying to his friends, even though it might have helped him.
即使撒谎可能对他有利,他仍然对向朋友说谎这个想法感到退缩与反感。
词源来自古法语 recoillir/recueilir(意为“收回、退回”),进一步可追溯到拉丁语构词:**re-**(“向后、再”)+ colligere(“聚拢、收集”)。因此 recoil 的核心意象是“向后收回”,后来发展出“后退”“反冲(后坐力)”等含义。